Summary Of Lifting The Veil By Rabindranath Tagore

Lifting the veil: society’s self-perception in Rabindranath Tagore’s short stories. Chapter- I (Introduction: Exploring new possibilities )----- â€Å"This world appears to us as an individual, and not merely as a bundle of invisible forces. For this, as everybody knows, it is greatly indebted to our senses and our mind. This apparent world is man`s world. It has taken its special features of shape, colour and movement from the peculiar range and qualities of our perception. It is what our sense limits have specially acquired and built for us and walled up†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦This world, which takes its form in the mould of man`s perception, still remains only as the partial world of his senses and mind. It is like a guest and not like a kinsman. It becomes†¦show more content†¦Thus, characters, voices or attributes in a literary work are interpreted as the full and final pictures of the society. ‘Self’ is a reference by an individual to the same indivi dual person. It describes essential qualities that constitute a person s uniqueness or essential being. It can be considered the basic nature of a person which endures that ‘being’ which is the source of consciousness for an individual s thoughts and actions, and unifies ‘consciousness’ over time. It plays an integral part in human motivation, cognition, affect, and social identity and constantly evolves due to the complexities of cultures and societies. It is dependent on the culture that the ‘self’ has been situated in.â€Å"It can be redefined as a dynamic, responsive process that structures neural pathways according to past and present environments including material, social, and spiritual aspects† (Mead’s ‘Self, Culture, Society Class’, 2015). P- It is shaped by our social interactions and our physical environments. An individual s social interactions occur when they’re in a specific society or culture. If these individuals grow up in a certain culture,

Unit 313. Equality, Diversity and Inclusion in Dementia...

PERFORMANCE EVIDENCE RECORD QCF Unit †¦313†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. Candidate Name †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Use this form to record details of activities (tick as appropriate) Observed by your assessor ( Work product ( Seen by Expert Witness ( APL ( Seen by witness ( Simulation ( Self-reflective account ( Projects/Assignment ( |Unit |Assessment |Performance Evidence | | |criteria | | | | |†¦show more content†¦However, this number is likely to be an under | | | |estimate and the true figure may be up | | | |to three times higher. Data on the numbers of young onset cases are based on referrals to services, which | | | |significantly underestimates the numbers, because not all those with young onset dementia seek help early in | | | |the disease course. | | | |There are often long delays in younger people with dementia receiving a diagnosis. Improved diagnostic | | | |services would help people get access to care more quickly and easily. | | | |It is important that younger people with dementia have access to a range of specialised services that address | | | |their particular needs. There is currently a lack of specialised services to meet the needs of people with | | | |dementia under 65. | | | |Services must be age inclusive, they should be based on need, not age. It is essential that commissionersShow MoreRelatedNVQ 3 Equality Diversity And Inclusion In Dementia Care Practice Assignment1696 Words   |  7 PagesDEM 313 Equality, diversity and inclusion in dementia care practice 1.1 Explain why it is important to recognise and respect an individual’s heritage An individual’s heritage is about his culture, history or personal experiences it is important to recognise and respect them because it is what makes him individual and unique. If we know them we provide a person centre care and focus on individual’s choices and preferences, he will then feel valued and included. For example Muslim doesn’t eat porkRead More_x000C_Introduction to Statistics and Data Analysis355457 Words   |  1422 PagesGraphing Calculator Explorations 272 6 Probability 279 6.1 Chance Experiments and Events 279 6.2 Deï ¬ nition of Probability 288 ââ€"   Contents ix 6.3 Basic Properties of Probability 295 6.4 Conditional Probability 302 6.5 Independence 313 6.6 Some General Probability Rules 323 6.7 Estimating Probabilities Empirically Using Simulation 335 Activity 6.1 Kisses 347 Activity 6.2 A Crisis for European Sports Fans? 347 Activity 6.3 The â€Å"Hot Hand† in Basketball 347 Graphing Calculator Explorations

Positive Case for Compatibilism and the Free Will Problem Free Essays

The concept of free will has been a point of contention for philosophers for several decades. One of the reasons for these diverging viewpoints is the debate on how exactly to define the word free. It would be misleading to attribute any one exclusive idea to the concept. We will write a custom essay sample on Positive Case for Compatibilism and the Free Will Problem or any similar topic only for you Order Now However it is agreed neutrally that it is an exercise of an individual’s behavior in order for him to take moral responsibility for his actions. A person who takes on his moral responsibility is one who can chose to make decisions that are morally right or wrong. Thus, the blame or reward for the outcome of the decision falls squarely on his shoulders. It is understood that free will is an essential component of these decisions. Conceptually it can be understood how the pre-determined nature of the universe can casually affect our decisions to such a point where free will is no longer applicable. However the theory of compatibilism states that free will and determinism are not mutually exclusive. That they can exist together without conflict, that an individual can exercise free will when faced with pre-determined factors. This topic will analyze, synthesize and evaluate arguments related to the problems associated with the concept of free will and how compatibilism offers a solution to these problems (McKenna, 2004). In order to understand how compatibilism acts as a solution to the free will problem it is first important to understand that there are several concepts used attributed to free will. When these concepts are conjoined to others they invariably create several contradictions. In order to avoid these problems it is important to consider the classic formulation of free will which informs us of then several key factors associated with it. The first is that the individual has a choice to act in more than one way in a situation. However any action taken by an individual qualifies as an event with various causes that effect the individual’s decision. Thus, the cause is casually determined and the individual cannot act in any way other than what is pre-determined by these factors. It should be noted that the existence of free will is tantamount upon the fact that the individual has no extraneous source compelling him to act. Rather all his decisions making is contingent upon his own compulsion to follow his decisions in the face of alternate possibilities. It is only in such a case that freedom to assume moral responsibility exists (McKenna, 2004). John Martin Fincher is a philosopher who is responsible for refining the viewpoint that suggested that decisions which constitute the free will of an individual can be affected by a number of reasons. This proves why certain people can have different reactions to the same situation and rules out those individuals who have compulsive or neurotic behavior. The refined viewpoint by Martin Fincher is known as the reasons-responsiveness theory which states that even though there are considerations which may affect the decisions of an individual. The decision made it can still be considered to be an individual free will since the choice made is rationally based according to the factors affecting the individual (McKenna, 2004). Another concept attributed to Compatibilism is P.F Strawson’s concept of moral responsibility. This is similar to Hume’s concept and says that the practice of holding an individual morally responsible for his or her own actions is formed on the basis of both emotional and societal structures. He said that the existence of these critical responses is part of human nature defined by our basic emotional natures and cannot be abandoned, thus the fact that determinism affects our moral responsibility does not hold ground. However in certain cases an individual can choose to give up their moral judgments in favor of rationalizing the individuals actions can exist as well but only in the cases where the actions gains favors or losses to human life (Kane, 2002 p. 516-521). There are of course objections to the theories of compatibilism. One of the principle arguments for incompatibilism comes from Carl Ginet. The argument given by him states that the power of an individual to affect change does not extend to factors such as those of nature that are by their very nature unchangeable. And if a certain fact affects a person directly and the consequences of that fact exist than the person will be affected by the consequences of that fact as well. Thus in the face of these facts determinism becomes true and since no one can change the facts that cause the situation, no one can affect the future (McKenna, 2004). How to cite Positive Case for Compatibilism and the Free Will Problem, Papers

Legal Environment of Business Corporations and Securities Legislation

Question: Discuss about the Legal Environment of Business for Corporations and Securities Legislation. Answer: Registration of Company Share Register To: The Board of Directors of the Company From: The Company SecretarySubject: The Share Register Under the corporations act, it is required that the company should have one member at least who is termed as being the shareholder of the company (Latimer, 1996). These shareholders may either be under section 120 of the Corporations Act 2001 (The Act) those who are incorporating or forming the company firsthand or those who have been issued the companys shares after the same has been incorporated or those who acquire those shares which to them have been transferred and these shareholders shall have to enter their names in the "Register of Members" or the "Share Register" or the "Register of the Shareholders" as provided under Section 231 of The Act (1994 Australian corporations securities legislation, 1994). Attached format of Share Register: Constitution Corporations Act Company Limited by Shares Rules of XYZ Company Private LimitedACN 123 456 789 Preliminary The replaceable rules and this Constitution shall be jointly applicable to the Company. General The name of the Company is XYZ Private Limited. The members liability in this company is limited. The Corporations Act 2001 provisions with respect to the replaceable rules shall be applicable to the company wherever the same has been included specifically herein. In the places where there has been the specific exclusion of the replaceable rules, the same will stand specifically excluded (Law of companies in Australia, 1986). Interpretation Unless other required by the context the phrases and words mentioned below shall have the meaning as mentioned below:Act means the Corporations Act 2001 (Cth.);ASIC means the Australian Securities and Investment Commission;Board of Directors means the Board of Directors of the Company;Common Seal means the companys common seal (if any);Company Secretary means the person who has been appointed by the company for the performance of duties as the companys secretary;Constitution means this Constitution and any amendments/addendums to the constitution thereto;General Meeting means the companys member meeting;Replaceable Rules means the rules which are referred to in the Act as the replaceable rules.Registered Office means for the time being the registered office of the Company;Register Shareholders means registration of the members in pursuant to the provisions of the Act.Section means wherever the term section has been used in this act it would mean a section of the Act. Preference Shares The Company may subject to the Act issue preference shares including preference shares that are redeemable. These preference shares are to be issued on the terms on which they are or at the company's or holder's option and shall be liable to be redeemed whether the company has the profit or not (Gillies, 2004). These preferences are to confer upon the holders of these shares the right of converting it into ordinary shares on the basis and if it is determined by the Board at the time when the preference shares are being issued (Australian corporations securities legislation 2005, 2005). There shall be conferring on the holder by the preference shares the right of receiving the profits that the Company avails for preferential dividends dividend on the basis that the Board shall determine at the time when the preference shares are issued; There shall be participation of the preference shares along with the ordinary shares when the Board declares the dividends to the extent and if the Board at the time when the preference shares are issued determines (Australian corporations securities legislation 2005, 2005); and At the time of issuing of preference shares the Board may determine that the preferential are cumulative and if cumulative to the extent to which it shall be cumulative The holders of the preference share are to be conferred with (a) the redemption right, and wherein there is a winding up priority for payment in case as compared to any other class of shares (Australian corporations legislation, 2010); and The right of being given the priority with respect to the payment of any dividend over any other class of shares, to those dividends which are preferential in nature.There is no conferring of any further rights to the holders of the preference shares by the preference shares for participating in the profits or the assets of the company (Brophy Gupta, 1976); Voting Right The rights that are conferred to the preference shareholders is same as that which are conferred to the Ordinary Shareholders for attending of any general meeting of the members of the Company and only in the following situations and in no other situations can there be a right of vote in the members general meeting (Davis, 1996): Where there are an unpaid Preference Shares with respect to a Dividend during a period in which there is a meeting called; Where there is a proposal for reducing the share capital of the Company; With respect to a resolution which is for the buy-back agreements terms being approved with respect to the Company; Where there is proposal which would affect the rights which have been attached with the Preference Shares (Christensen, Kent, Stewart, 2010); Where there is proposal for winding up of the Company; and When the company is being wound up; Voting Rights If there is a permit for voting under the clause 2.6 then in that case each of the holders of Preference Shares will have the rights mentioned below with respect to their Preference Shares in the general meeting of the members: One vote will be given to per shareholders at the time of show of hands; and In the case of a poll, per fully paid Preference Share shall have one full vote and partly paid Preference Shareholder shall have the fraction of the vote which is proportionate to the amount which has been paid for issuing of the Preference Share, which is partly paid. Accounts and Reports: The right of receiving audited accounts, notices and reports shall be same as that of the holder of Ordinary Shares. Prevailing of Preference Share ProvisionsThe provisions of preference shares as described in the Part 2 shall prevail over all the other provisions of the Constitution to the extent of there being an inconsistency. Section 124Under section 124 of the Corporations Act 2001 (The Act), the companies, have been empowered specifically for borrowing money, granting of security for these loan(s) and issuing of shares. Under the section 124, the companies have also been empowered to the issue of shares and also to have the option over such shares (Corporations Act 2001 reprinted on 16 June 2006 (taking into account amendments up to and including those made by Act No. 17, 2006), 2006). For facilitation of the companys operations in a manner that is effective decision has to be made by the managers of the company and also these decisions are required to be implemented with respect to the companys need for capital. These decisions include decisions regarding the amount of the capital which the company requires and the source of capital which would prove to be most effective for the company. If the companies want to expand the opportunities with respect to trading in the future, there will inevitably be a necessity for financing such operations either by way borrowing of funds directly through a financial institutions agency or by way of shares and issue such share or by way of debentures which are issued. This section provides for the company to be able to raise such capital ("CORPORATIONS ACT 2001 - SECT 588MRecovery of compensation for loss resulting from insolvent trading", 2016).Section 129(1) The section 129(1) assumption is concerned with the constitution of the company and any of The Acts replaceable rules that are applicable (Latimer, 1996). It is provided under the section 129(1) that it may be assumed by an individual that the constitution of a company, if any, and any of the replaceable rules under The Acts provision that are applicable on the company have been complied with by the company ("CORPORATIONS ACT 2001 - SECT 129Assumptions that can be made under section 128", 2016). The statutory espousal by the Section 129(1) of the CL IMR is represented. Under the principle of this section a person who is contracting with a given company and wherein the individual is dealing with the company in good faith it may be assumed by the individual that all such acts are within the constitution of the company and there has been a due and proper performance of all the powers, and there is no binding on such individual to enquiring whether there have been regular acts by the management which is internal (Pentony Lennard, 2000).Section 588M (3) Under this section the creditor in a manner as provided under the B subdivision however not in any other manner may recover directly from the director, for the debts which are due to such creditor, an amount being equal to the amount of damage or loss suffered by the creditor. The section 588M(3) provides invariably a right to the creditors for suing the director for compensation when it comes to a situation where there has been insolvent trading directly ("CORPORATIONS ACT 2001 - SECT 588MRecovery of compensation for loss resulting from insolvent trading", 2016). Also in the even where the company undergoes liquidation and there has been a breach by the director under section 588M then pursuant to section 588M(3) of The Act the creditor of the company, with the liquidator of the companys consent, may from the director of the company, as a debt which shall be due to the company, recover an amount which amounts to the damage and loss which the creditors directors have suffered from the director (Symon, 2006). Such creditor directors should be those are a subject of the claims with respect to the companys insolvent trading and the defenses which have been set out under section 588H of The Act are available to them (Vermeesch Lindgren, 1992). Bibliography 1994 Australian corporations securities legislation. (1994). North Ryde, N.S.W. Australian corporations securities legislation 2005. (2005). North Ryde, N.S.W. Australian corporations securities legislation 2013. (2012). North Ryde, N.S.W. Australian corporations legislation. (2010). Chatswood, N.S.W. Australian national companies and securities legislation. (1982). North Ryde, N.S.W. Brophy, D. Gupta, L. (1976). Preference Shares and Company Finance. The Journal Of Finance, 31(5), 1528. https://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2326705 Brophy, D. Gupta, L. (1976). Preference Shares and Company Finance. The Journal Of Finance, 31(5), 1528. https://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2326705 Christensen, J., Kent, P., Stewart, J. (2010). Corporate Governance and Company Performance in Australia. Australian Accounting Review, 20(4), 372-386. https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1835-2561.2010.00108.x Corporations ACT 2001. (2016). edu.au. Retrieved 24 May 2016, from https://www.austlii.edu.au/au/legis/cth/consol_act/ca2001172/ CORPORATIONS ACT 2001 - SECT 129Assumptions that can be made under section 128. (2016). edu.au. Retrieved 24 May 2016, from https://www.austlii.edu.au/au/legis/cth/consol_act/ca2001172/s129.html CORPORATIONS ACT 2001 - SECT 588MRecovery of compensation for loss resulting from insolvent trading. (2016). edu.au. Retrieved 24 May 2016, from https://www.austlii.edu.au/au/legis/cth/consol_act/ca2001172/s588m.html Corporations Act 2001 reprinted on 1 July 2003 taking into account amendments up to and including those made by Act No. 41, 2003. (2003). Canberra. Corporations Act 2001 reprinted on 16 June 2006 (taking into account amendments up to and including those made by Act No. 17, 2006). (2006). Canberra. Davis, K. (1996). Converting preference shares: An Australian capital structure innovation. Accounting Finance, 36(2), 213-228. https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-629x.1996.tb00307.x Gillies, P. (2004). Business law. Sydney: Federation Press. Latimer, P. (1996). Australian business law. North Ryde, N.S.W.: CCH Australia. Law of companies in Australia. (1986). [North Ryde, N.S.W. Pentony, B. Lennard, J. (2000). Business law. Sydney: Butterworths. Symon, H. (2006). Corporations Act 2001. Melbourne: Leo Cussen Institute. Vermeesch, R. Lindgren, K. (1992). Business law of Australia. Sydney: Butterworths.

Recommendations for Weatherpruf Shoe Waxes free essay sample

Here are some recommendations for Weatherpruf Shoes Waxes which hope can help to improve the competitiveness. The potential strategy is based on 4Ps. Product: On the product side, Weatherpruf can use brand extension strategy. A brand extension extends a current name to new or modified products in new category. For example, Swatch spread from watches into telephones and Honda stretched its company name to cover different products such as its cars, motorcycles, marine engines and snowmobiles. As solid shoe waxes was already a brand product, Weatherpruf can extend to produce liquid polish. The reasons are: first, liquid shoe polishes offered a quick, clean method of improving shoe appearance and was particularly welcomed by parents as it helped to make scuffed and worn childrens shoes look respectable again. Second, the market for liquid polishes is growing at 20% per year and it is expected to rise to 30% of this market next year. We will write a custom essay sample on Recommendations for Weatherpruf Shoe Waxes or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Third, entering a new product market will extend customer base. Finally, a liquid polish can be used on a wide variety of products. For instance, it can be used for the appearance of leather products beyond footwear such as chairs, sofas, briefcases, etc which may attract more customers. Weatherpruf can also increase the product diversity. For example, it can increase the colours of solid waxes not limited to blacks, light tan and dark tan in order to meet those customers who like solid waxes but dont want these 3 colours. Price: On the price side, as liquid polish will be a new product of Weatherpruf, market-penetration pricing is much suitable. Market-penetration pricing stands for setting a low price for a new product in order to penetrate the market quickly and deeply to attract large numbers of buyers quickly and win a large market share. To compete with Smart Shoe (currently command approximately 70% liquid market share), Weatherpruf should set a low price and quickly enter the liquid polish market. There are several conditions favour setting a low price. First, the market must be highly price-sensitive, so that a low price produces more market growth. Second, production and distribution costs must fall as sales volume increases. Due to the good reputation, if Weatherpruf keep on produce high quality goods and set a low price, it can easily penetrate the liquid polish market and win a large market share. Promotion: One of the reasons that Smart Shoe can achieve success was its promotion extensive advertising. Therefore Weatherpruf also need media advertising to promote its product. Media Advertising can reach masses of geographically dispersed buyers at low cost per exposure, such as TV advertising can reach huge audiences. It enables Weatherpruf to repeat a message many times, and lets the buyer receive and compare the messages of other two main competitors. By advertising buyers will know that Weatherpruf begin to sell liquid polish with a high quality and it can create customer brand awareness. Place: Products are sold only in the major grocery stores is limiting the quantity of customers and might be inconvenient for a certain amount of customers (who want to buy shoe polish but live far away from the stores). Thus, Weatherpruf can increase the place of sales. First Weatherpruf can find retailers such as Supermarket like Tesco, Sainsbury, Asda or Morrisons have loyal customers who regularly shop in their stores. Products sold through the stores gain credibility in the eyes of the customer because of where they are sold. In addition, Weatherpruf can expand sales to online. The reasons are: first, sales online can expand geographical reach weatherpruf, a local business can become nationwide or even international. Second, it can increase visibility for weatherpruf. With investment in search engine optimization and online promotion, an online shop becomes more accessible to customers searching for products. Third, it is a way to tell people about Weatherpruf. This is particularly valuable when an online store operates alongside a conventional high-street outlet, providing information about opening hours, contact details and answers to frequently asked questions. Finally, which has same effect as sales through retailers, it can increase the number of customers. Conclusion In conclusion, if Weatherpruf choose this strategy would

How To Say ‘Want’ in Spanish

How To Say ‘Want’ in Spanish The English verb to want can be translated to Spanish in at least five ways, the most common of them being querer. Using Querer When querer is used to mean to want, is can be used almost exactly the same way as the English verb. You should be aware, however, that querer is also a common way of expressing romantic affection, and Te quiero is a common way of saying I love you. Some examples of querer for want:  ¿Quà © quieres hacer? (What do you want to do?)Solo quiero verte. (I only want to see you.)Siempre quise un viaje al Perà º. (I always wanted a trip to Peru.)Quiero tres tacos y un refresco, por favor. (I want three tacos and a soft drink, please.)No queremos dinero; shopping argentina queremos justicia. (We dont want money. We want justice.)Los manifestantes quieren que el gobierno reduzca los impuestos federales. (The demonstrators want the government to reduce federal taxes.)Hace una semana quisimos las frutas, pero ahora no las queremos. (A week ago we wanted the fruits, but now we dont want them.) Querer typically is followed by one of three grammatical constructions: An infinitive, often translated to English as an infinitive (the verb form beginning with to). Infinitives in the first two examples above are hacer and ver (in verte).One or more nouns. The nouns serving as objects of querer are viaje in the third sentence, tacos and refresco in the fourth, and dinero and justicia in the fifth. Alternatively, a pronoun can be placed before the verb, as in the second half of the final example.The relative pronoun que followed by a clause that uses a verb in the subjunctive mood. Reduzca is in the subjunctive mood in the fifth example. Using Desear for 'Want' Because querer is conjugated irregularly, beginning Spanish students instead often use desear, which is used in the same way as querer. However, desear is used less often and is more formal; in many situations it can sound overly flowery, which is one reason it seems common on Spanish-language greeting cards. Desear can have romantic or sexual overtones in some contexts (it comes from the same origin as the English verb desire), so you should exercise caution when using it to refer to people. Deseo aprender sobre este curso. (I want to learn about this course.)Desean el regreso de las libertades, la llegada de la democracia. (They want the return of liberty, the arrival of democracy.)Deseo que tengas un buen dà ­a. (I want you to have a great day.) Using Pedir for 'Want' When want refers to asking or requesting, it is often best translated using pedir:  ¿Cunto pide ella por su coche? (How much does she want for her car? Literally, how much is she asking for her car?)Pedimos un empleo de alta calidad. (We want a high-quality employee. Literally, we are asking for a high-quality employee.)Piden 900 pesos por dà ­a por una sombrilla en la playa. (They want 900 pesos per day for an umbrella on the beach. Literally, they are asking for 900 pesos per day for an umbrella on the beach.) Using Buscar for 'Want' If want could be replaced by look for or seek, you can use buscar. Te buscan en la oficina. (Youre wanted at the office. Literally, theyre looking for you at the office.)Muchos estadounidenses buscan casa en Mà ©xico. (Many Americans want a house in Mexico. Literally, many Americans are looking for a house in Mexico.)Todos ellos buscan trabajos que puedan proveerles la oportunidad de aprender. (They all want jobs that offer them the opportunity to learn. Literally, they all are looking for jobs that offer them the opportunity to learn.) Translating an Older Use of 'Want' Although not common in modern English, want is sometimes used to mean need. In such cases, a verb such as necesitar or a negated use of  faltar can be used in translation.  ¿Necesitas dinero? (Are you wanting for money?)El Seà ±or es mi pastor, nada me faltar. (The Lord is my shepherd, I shall not want.) Key Takeaways The most common Spanish verb for to want are querer and desear, which typically are followed by an infinitive, a noun, or que and a verb in the subjunctive mood.When want refers to asking for or requesting something, pedir can be used.When want refers to seeking or looking for something, buscar can be used.

Rug maker.com Research Proposal Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Rug maker.com - Research Proposal Example Rebranding is essential in improving the company’s sales and income. Ideally, the company should focus on attracting new customers while focusing on maintaining the existing customers. The Rug Company should focus on the following plan in order to create public awareness to its products and services while also improving its awareness to the interior design industry: The company should add value to its brand awareness plan by offering special packages and services to existing and potential customers. In addition, the company should hold various events in its different cities of operations in order to create awareness to customers and its industry of operations. To develop a marketing strategy, the first requirement is for the company to affirm its current position by stating what it was offering to the clients according to their needs. In addition, the company should affirm where it wants to be and what it wants to be doing at a particular point in the future (Ashcroft 2010). Communication is an important aspect of the marketing strategy (Mullins and Walker 2013). Although the conventional mix model of the 4Ps – product, price, place, and promotion (Kotler and Armstrong 2012) – are commonly used due to their familiarity, the company should adopt the 4Cs model with a focus on Customer, Cost, Convenience, Communication (Hughes and Fill 2008). The latter model focuses on direct communication with the customer as opposed to the 4Ps, which considers the product as the primary focus in marketing (Ashcroft 2002; Cheverton 2004). The company prides itself as a rug making company that focuses on delivering quality handmade products with the finest raw materials (Sharp C. and Sharp S. n.d.). In this case, the target clients are people who value the quality of handmade material and appreciate the worth of hand-woven rugs. The company should profile its clients

Able Corporation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Able Corporation - Essay Example Strategy choice and implementation are the primary determinants of strategy success. The analysis of strategy performance over time provides important diagnostic inputs into the development of strategy choice concepts. The early discussion highlights the importance of matching the strategy choice with the conditions of the environment and the organization's skills and resources. The long-term importance of selecting a sound initial strategy has research support. In order to define the identity of Able Corporation, it is important to take into account the nature of business and market strategies. Research suggests marketing strategy should be conceptualized and investigated within the context of the organizational mission. Most marketing strategy frameworks address the role of organizational mission but few empirical investigations actually take mission into account. Perception of market needs does not mean that an opportunity exists for any particular company (Fill, 1999). Available opportunities must be related to the particular company's resources, including its personnel, financial, and physical resources. Profitable courses of action vary with individual corporate postures and goals. The overwhelming majority of innovative opportunities will be rejected. But it is necessary to screen the many to find the few that do relate to the resources and the mission of the company (Johnson and Scholes, 1998). This function of innovation relates to specifying the company's innovative opportunity by identifying the various practical alternatives that exist to remedy the discovered dysfunctioning. This is a job in which the technician can assume a major responsibility. An analysis of total company operations and methods in the light of market opportunities is helpful in sifting the opportunities to arrive at the few that are most relevant and profitable for the company's current situation (Doyle and Stern, 2006). Because of different organizational goals and missions, each organizational type defines a unique strategic situation. The first group was labeled "mom and pop shops." These firms are extremely small and possess little marketing expertise or resources. The second group are stable, high-payoff companies. These enterprises have achieved some success and may have acquired substantial marketing expertise within a limited market. Such firms have no aspirations for future growth. A third group is composed of growth-oriented small firms. These are new ventures with a mission defined by aggressive growth (Johnson and Scholes, 1998). In order to prioritize the implementation steps, it is important to analyze a current market situation and take into account possible changes and market fluctuations. The extent to which a marketing strategy should be modified over time is an important strategy choice issue. Successful enterprises select and retain a strategy on a continuing basis. This issue has critical implications for the new enterprise, particularly when entering a new product-market where the lack of experience in the market provides little or no direction concerning strategy choice. Entrepreneurship research also provides insight into two important marketing strategy options: strategic alliances and product diversification. Small firms are also utilizing collaborative marketing strategies. In an empirical study of entrepreneurial high-technology firms, small firms at a competitive disadvantage with rivals in their industry were likely to utilize joint ventures or other cooperative strategies to launch new prod ucts (Doyle and Stern,

Subject matter must be directly related to the financial issues Essay

Subject matter must be directly related to the financial issues covered in the course.the sourse of your analysis should be from - Essay Example However before one chooses a particular fund source he/she needs to consider a number of factors with the first one being the risks associated with fund source. The organization in need of finance should also evaluate the kind of relationship they are likely to engage with the potential funder and most importantly, the costs associated with the financing requirements. The cost of fund source is an important consideration for an organization when in need of raising additional funds. The cost of capital, which is the cost of funds to be used for financing an operation undertaken by the organization can be understood from three main perspectives namely investor, company and mode of financing. From an investor point of view, cost of capital refers to the opportunity cost of choosing a particular investment over others. Most investors with a diversified portfolio often have a wide array of investment opportunities where they can invest their money but they often opt for a specific investm ent. Pratt and Grabowski (2010) assert that the decision to invest in a specific investment often made based on the rate of return earned over that specific investment compared to others. ... The rates of return from ABC inform of bond interest and UVW which is inform of divided will play a critical role in informing the investors decision to make investment especially if they are of similar risk considering that each comes with its own opportunity cost. In other words, cost of capital is comparable to the internal Rate of return (IRR) which measures the desirability of a wide range of projects. From a company perspective, cost of capital refers to the measurable cost of acquiring funds from a particular source in order to finance a particular project. For instance, company that uses loan from a bank to finance its projects, its cost of capital will be the money needed to compensate the bank inform of loan interest. Armitage (2005) elucidate that cost of capital is a crucial benchmark for making financial decisions relating to investments in a new project by companies. This is because it forms the minimum amount of return that the owner of funds will require before issuin g funds to the company inform of capital. In other words, the company must be able to pay the cost associated with a particular fund source before acquiring funds. This means that the returns from the project to be financed must be higher than the average cost of obtaining the capital to finance it. Companies are known for borrowing money to finance different projects such as expansion programs, product development, and purchase assets and they often cost of acquiring funds as their basis for project evaluation as projects with low returns and high cost of finance cannot be financed (Lumby & Jones, 2003). For instance an organization that

Study of In-vivo Analgesic Activity in Animals

Study of In-vivo Analgesic Activity in Animals A) ANIMALS Swiss albino mice (20-25 g) and wistar rats (150-200 g) of either sex were used for study of in-vivo analgesic activity. Animals were kept under standard laboratory conditions i.e. temprature is 24  ± 2 °C and relative humidity is 60-70%. The study protocol was approved by the institutional animal ethics committee (IAEC) before experiment (Approval No. 1452/PO/a/11/CPCSEA). Albino-Swiss mice were taken from Laboratory Animal House, Devsthali Vidyapeeth College of Pharmacy, Lalpur, Rudrapur (U. S. Nagar) and used for the study. The animals were procured from IVRI, Bareilly (U.P.) The animals were kept in polypropylene cages and maintained on balanced ration with free access to clean drinking water. All experimental procedures were conducted in accordance with the guide for Care and use of laboratory animals and in accordance with the Local animal care and use committee. Paddy husk was provided as bedding material, which was cleaned every day. The cages were maintained clean. All o f the animals were left for 2 days in the laboratory for getting used to before the day of experiment and on the last day they were given water only. Minimum of 6 animals were used in each group. B) ACUTE TOXICITY STUDIES The acute oral toxicity studies were carried out to study the acute toxic effects and to determine minimum toxic dose of the synthesized compounds. For the study swiss albino mice of either sex weighing 20-25 g were used. The aqueous solution of compounds were administered orally to different groups of over night fasted mice at the doses of 30, 100, 300, 1000 and 3000 mg/kg body weight. After administration of the compounds, animals were observed continuously for any toxic manifestation for the first three hours. There after, observations were made at regular intervals for 24 hrs. Further the animals were under investigation up to a period of one week. I) ANALGESIC ACTIVITY For the study of analgesisc activity two methods were used. (A) Hot Plate method (B) Acetic caid induced writhing method A) Method 1: Hot plate method186,187,188,189 By applying heat pain is inced to animals. All the animals one by one are kept in the hot plate maintain at constant temperature (55 °C) and there reactions was noted i.e. paw licking or jumping response. Work plan Albino rats of either sex (150-200 g) were selected and divided into four groups of six animals each. All the animals were fasted for 24 hrs. before the start of the experiment and water was given adlibitum. The animals were treated as follows : Group 1 : Control group received 0.5% sodium CMC (1mg/kg) orally. Group 2 : Diclofenac sodium 50mg/kg were administered orally. Group 3 : Novel benzimidazole substituted pyrazolidine 3,5 dione derivative in dose level of 50mg/kg was administered orally. Group 4 : Novel 2-quinolone substituted pyrazolidine 3,5 dione derivative in dose level of 50mg/kg was administered orally. Here Group 1 is the control, group 2 is active standard and group 3 and group 4 are test. Experimental Details The hot plate method is based on the fact that analgesic compounds increases the response time. This method was first described by Eddy Leimbach, where a cut off period of 15 sec is observed to avoid damage to the paw. All the synthesized compounds were dissolved in the CMC (0.5% suspension). After administration of control, standard and test compounds the animals were kept at the hot plate and their reaction time were note at 15, 30, 60 120 min interval. All the doses were given orally to animals. Diclofenac Sodium at dose of 50 mg/kg was used standard drug for comparison. The results so obtained were tabulated in Table 10, 12, 14 and 16 and figure 07, 09, 11 and 13. Results were expressed as means  ± S.E.M. Statistical significance was analyzed using the two-way anova analysis of variance followed by Tukey’s Multiple Comparison Test where p B) Method 2: Acetic Acid Induced Writhing Method186,187,188,189 In this method pain is induced by intraperitoneal (I.P) administration of 0.6% (0.1 ml/10g) acetic acid in mice. Analgesic activity was determined by calculating total number of writhings. Work plan Albino mice of either sex (25-30 g) were used for the study. All the animals were fasted for 24 hrs. before the start of the experiment and water was given adlibitum. The animals were treated as follows : Group 1 : Control group received 0.5% sodium CMC (1mg/kg) orally. Group 2 : Diclofenac sodium 20mg/kg were administered orally. Group 3 : Novel benzimidazole substituted pyrazolidine 3,5 dione derivative in dose level of 20mg/kg was administered orally. Group 4 : Novel 2-quinolone substituted pyrazolidine 3,5 dione derivative in dose level of 20mg/kg was administered orally. Here Group 1 is the control, group 2 is active standard and group 3 and group 4 are test. Experimental Details All the synthesized compounds were administered intraperitonealy (0.5 ml) as a suspension in sterile 0.9% DMSO solution as vehicle. Diclofenac Sodium at dose of 20 mg/kg was used standard drug for comparison. Acetic acid solution was intraperitonealy administered 30 min after administration of the compounds. 10 min after intraperitoneal injection of acetic acid solution, the number of writhings per animal was recorded for 20 min. Control animals received an equal volume of vehicle. Results were expressed as means  ± S.E.M. Statistical significance was analyzed using the two-way anova analysis of variance followed by Tukey’s Multiple Comparison Test where p II) ANTI-PYRETIC ACTIVITY STUDIES:190 For antipyretic activity yeast induced pyrexia model was used for the study. Work plan Albino rats of either sex (150-200 g) were selected and divided into four groups of six animals each. All the animals were fasted for 24 hrs. before the start of the experiment and water was given adlibitum. The animals were treated as follows : Group 1 : Control group received 0.5% sodium CMC (1mg/kg) orally. Group 2 : Peracetamol 100mg/kg were administered orally. Group 3 : Novel benzimidazole substituted pyrazolidine 3,5 dione derivative in dose level of 100mg/kg was administered orally. Group 4 : Novel 2-quinolone substituted pyrazolidine 3,5 dione derivative in dose level of 100mg/kg was administered orally. Here Group 1 is the control, group 2 is active standard and group 3 and group 4 are test. Experimental Details For induction of fever in rats, 20% w/v of brewer’s yeast in distilled water was administered by subcutaneous injection. All animals which were used for study, were induced pyrexia by injection of 10 ml/kg of brewer’s yeast solution under the skin in between the shoulder blades. The place of the injection was massaged in order to spread the suspension beneath the skin. Basal rectal temperature was measured before the injection of yeast, by inserting digital clinical thermometer to a depth of 2 cm into the rectum. The rise in rectal temperature was recorded after 19 hours of yeast injection. The rectal temperature was taken after 30, 60, 120, 180 and 300 minutes post treatment. If a drug is having antipyretic effect then there is a fall in the rectal temprature. Results were expressed as means  ± S.E.M. Statistical significance was analyzed using the two-way anova analysis of variance followed by Tukey’s Multiple Comparison Test where p III) ANTI-INFLAMMATORY ACTIVITY: 186,187,188,189 For anti-inflammatory activity carrageenin-induced rat paw oedema method was used. Work plan Albino rats of either sex (150-200 g) were selected and divided into four groups of six animals each. All the animals were fasted for 24 hrs. before the start of the experiment and water was given adlibitum. The animals were treated as follows : Group 1 : Control group received sterile normal saline (0.85% NaCl) orally. Group 2 : Ibuprofen 20mg/kg were administered orally. Group 3 : Novel benzimidazole substituted pyrazolidine 3,5 dione derivative in dose level of 50mg/kg was administered orally. Group 4 : Novel 2-quinolone substituted pyrazolidine 3,5 dione derivative in dose level of 50mg/kg was administered orally. Here Group 1 is the control, group 2 is active standard and group 3 and group 4 are test. Experimental Details This method was described by Winter et al. in 1962. The experimental animals were divided into ten groups, each containing five animals. After 30 min of administration of test compounds, 0.1 ml of 1% (w/v) carrageenin was injected subcutaneously in the subplantar region of the left hind paw. The right paw served as a reference to non inflammed paw for comparison. The initial paw volume was measured within 30 sec of the carrageenin injection by plethysmometer. The relative increase in paw volume was measured in control, standard and test compounds at 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8 h after the carrageenin injection. The difference between initial and final readings was taken as the volume of oedema and the percentage inhibition by the compounds was calculated using the formula- where dt is the difference in paw volume in the test compound-treated group and dc the difference in paw volume in the control group. Results were expressed as means  ± S.E.M. Statistical significance was analyzed using the two-way anova analysis of variance followed by Tukey’s Multiple Comparison Test where p Uttarakhand Technical University, Dehradun 1

The Dark Romantics :: essays research papers

The dark Romantics describe life as evil, sinful, insane, and deceptive, which is more like life today. For example, the town’s people in the â€Å"Black Veil† can be seen as evil and sinful. The reason they are thought as evil and sinful is because they say things about him because he is wearing the black veil. This can be seen in Hawthorns the minister and the Black veil when Mr. Hooper says, †why do you tremble at me? Cried he turning his veiled face around the circle of pale specters. Tremble also at each other! Have men avoided me and women shown no pity, and children screamed and fled only for my Black veil? In addition Ahab in "Moby Dick" is considered not only as an evil and sinful person but is selfish and greedy. The reason why he is sinful, evil, selfish, greedy, mainly is because he didn’t care what the other people on the ship wanted or that what he was going to do would or could bring dangers, and what he was doing was a waste of time, because instead of getting vengeance on "Moby Dick". He could be hunting whales for food and selling what’s left of them and make money. Furthermore evil and sinful people today, like Charles Manson. The reason why he is considered an evil and sinful person is because he killed a lot of people. Another reason he is evil is because he said he was God. This is one of the many reasons why I agree with the Dark Romantics. The second reason out of the many reasons of why I agree with the Dark Romantics is because a lot of people are insane. For example, mad or insane people caused the Columbine tragedy. One of the crazy things they did was running around the school shooting and blowing things up. While trying to take as many life’s as they could. Another crazy or insane thing is the fact that they took pride in what they did. The reason I say they took pride in it . Is because they made a video that showed them laughing and saying that they were going to do all the stuff they did, and how they were going to do it. In addition, the mother who shot her kids is more proof that people can turn insane at any minute.

Organizational Change & Leadership from a Systems Perspective Essay

There are many aspects to running a successful organization. The dream of running a business initially starts off as a vision in the mind of the founder. That vision materializes into the mission statement, and progresses on to becoming an organization worthy of being put into a business plan. After completion of the many administrative and legal steps required, one must make sure to hire good people. A successful business will start with positive human interaction. The people of the organization must have the skillset to progressively advocate, not only for the clients, but also for that of the organization. The members of our organization must have the ability to see the vision and the willingness to work hard to make the organization successful. I will discuss the leadership that will best benefit our dream organization based on our staff input. I will also discuss from a systems perspective what organizational force will energize human services to our staff and clients. I will ad dress the six functions that are salient which work together and contribute to the efficiency of the dream organization, and last, but not least, I will discuss the leadership role in the conceptual framework for human service management. I believe our dream organization to be diverse in all aspects. A diverse model would suit the needs of the community, but I would have to say both the diverse and visionary model would best accommodate the needs of all staff involved with the growth of the organization. As stated in an article I read, people often associate qualities to the leaders that are inherent in the personality of the leader. Credible leadership reflects concerns about image, professional appearances are key to success (Chin, 2011). Leaders need to acknowledge the challenges in making decisions in diverse organizations; â€Å"become more comfortable with tension and complexity†; one must be more strategic in their thinking, considering diversity issues in the context of mission, vision, and strategy (Lewis, Packard, & Lewis,  2012). The founder will set the example of behavior by encouraging respect for all staff members. Management will promote understanding of values and traditions from the diverse population the organization will provide service to. Strong leadership has a trickle-down effect. If our management team is strong, the staff will follow. A diverse leadership that has a vision to lead will show our clients that anything they put their mind to is attainable. Goals were set by each staff member and as a team we all brainstormed those goals to make sure they were attainable and met the needs of the organization. Our organization provides a service to the females of our community and it is important that we impact their lives by the examples we set as management. We will employ a diverse population of females from all aspects of life to support our organizational desire to provide needed services to our community. We will have interns from the college on site with hopes of being financially able to hire those showing to be outstanding with their volunteer ability. Staff will have input in how the operation is run. We will also give the client a chance to provide input as they work through our program. The life skill classes we will be providing will enhance the client’s desires and expectations in life. Leadership traits ideal to our agency are the task oriented Behaviors According to Lewis, Packard, and Lewis (2012). In order to run a successful organization a leader must have these traits and they are Intelligence: be able to run the organization, Self-confidence: must be confident in the work that is being done, Determination: the desire to get the job done persistence dominance and drive, Integrity, High energy level, tolerance for stress, social intelligence, emotional stability, sociability agreeableness and lastly conscientiousness material A leader must possess knowledge and understanding of the organization (Lewis, Packard, & Lewis, 2012) . The Contingency Theory of leadership theory basically suggest that there is no one way to lead and every situation is differently and the different behaviors are appropriate for different situations (Lewis, Packard, & Lewis, 2012). The systems perspective is full of subsystems according to Lewis, Packard, and Lewis (2012), all subsystems work together first with planning, budgeting, designing, staffing, supervising, evaluating which are all important to the systems. Without one you cannot proceed to the other (Lewis, Packard, & Lewis, 2012). Leadership must look at the  subsystems, and make sure the organization is on track. Management must make sure to have the proper skillset of employee in each department. All six sub-systems must work together to assure the success of the organization. One of the images in the reading showed leadership to be the center of the organization. Leadership is surrounded by designing, budgeting, staffing, supervising, planning, monitoring and evaluating. I would hold to that order and consider it a key to success. In conclusion, our dream organization will make sure we hold to the vision of the founder while keep the mission statement in mind as we provide service to the community. After reading the many different leadership styles available to various organizations, I have come to the conclusion that is to the advantage of the organization to input a little of all the various means of leadership into the organization in order to successfully run the organization. There is no right or wrong way and you must tweak the various leaderships in order to create the one that will best suit your organization. When we look at the system and the systems perspective and evaluated how they work, it is key that the leader manage them and understand how each system operates. Management must give positive direction and clear instruction as to what the outcome should be at any given stage. When each step of the system are completed accurately, and in order, you are setting the organization up to succeed References Chin, J. L. (2011). Women and Leadership; Transforming Visions and Current Contexts. Forum On Public Policy Online, 2. Retrieved from http://www.forumonpublicpolicy.com Lewis, J. A., Packard, T. R., & Lewis, M. D. (2012). Management of Human Service Programs (5th ed.). Mason, OH: Cengage Learning.

Free Essays on And Then There Were None

And Then There Were None / Identity Murder mysteries are a type of literature/film which always contain a storyline which keeps the reader/viewer on the edge of their seat. Suspense, action, horror, and drama are all elements which add to the perfect murder mystery. These types of stories, when done right, take your mind on a thrill ride that doesn’t let up until the end in a dramatic plot twist that leaves the reader/viewer baffled and intrigued. This is the case in the story And Then There Were None by Agatha Christie and the film Identity, written by Michael Cooney. â€Å"Identity is just what you want a horror-thriller to be: energetic, lurid, tense and, above all, unpredictable." Marshall Fine, JOURNAL NEWS (WESTCHESTER, NY). Amazon.com claims And Then There Were None to be â€Å"considered the best mystery novel ever written†. AudioFile.com described it as being â€Å"..Agatha Christie at her best with her classic drawing room murder mystery with extra tension to boot†. Both these stories a re similar in that they keep you hooked to the point you can’t do anything but read on or keep viewing. Amazon.com claims Identity is â€Å"a tasty blend of And Then There Were None and Psycho, with a dash of Sybil for extra spice and psychosis†. They also coined it as â€Å"a thriller with a twist, its one of the most original to come around in a long time†. Both these stories deal with a â€Å"who did it† type of plot where the killer isn’t revealed until the very end, to the reader/viwers dismay. These stories are best for those who enjoy being intrigued by what happened, what could happen and what shouldn’t happen. The more you read or view on, the more you come to find whether your predictions were precise or whether they were off. Identity is a dark, disturbing film about 10 strangers that wind up having to spend the night at a hotel once a storm causes a flash flood to block the roads out. It is set in the middle of the desert, a... Free Essays on And Then There Were None Free Essays on And Then There Were None / Identity And Then There Were None / Identity Murder mysteries are a type of literature/film which always contain a storyline which keeps the reader/viewer on the edge of their seat. Suspense, action, horror, and drama are all elements which add to the perfect murder mystery. These types of stories, when done right, take your mind on a thrill ride that doesn’t let up until the end in a dramatic plot twist that leaves the reader/viewer baffled and intrigued. This is the case in the story And Then There Were None by Agatha Christie and the film Identity, written by Michael Cooney. â€Å"Identity is just what you want a horror-thriller to be: energetic, lurid, tense and, above all, unpredictable." Marshall Fine, JOURNAL NEWS (WESTCHESTER, NY). Amazon.com claims And Then There Were None to be â€Å"considered the best mystery novel ever written†. AudioFile.com described it as being â€Å"..Agatha Christie at her best with her classic drawing room murder mystery with extra tension to boot†. Both these stories a re similar in that they keep you hooked to the point you can’t do anything but read on or keep viewing. Amazon.com claims Identity is â€Å"a tasty blend of And Then There Were None and Psycho, with a dash of Sybil for extra spice and psychosis†. They also coined it as â€Å"a thriller with a twist, its one of the most original to come around in a long time†. Both these stories deal with a â€Å"who did it† type of plot where the killer isn’t revealed until the very end, to the reader/viwers dismay. These stories are best for those who enjoy being intrigued by what happened, what could happen and what shouldn’t happen. The more you read or view on, the more you come to find whether your predictions were precise or whether they were off. Identity is a dark, disturbing film about 10 strangers that wind up having to spend the night at a hotel once a storm causes a flash flood to block the roads out. It is set in the middle of the desert, a... Free Essays on And Then There Were None / Identity And Then There Were None / Identity Murder mysteries are a type of literature/film which always contain a storyline which keeps the reader/viewer on the edge of their seat. Suspense, action, horror, and drama are all elements which add to the perfect murder mystery. These types of stories, when done right, take your mind on a thrill ride that doesn’t let up until the end in a dramatic plot twist that leaves the reader/viewer baffled and intrigued. This is the case in the story And Then There Were None by Agatha Christie and the film Identity, written by Michael Cooney. â€Å"Identity is just what you want a horror-thriller to be: energetic, lurid, tense and, above all, unpredictable." Marshall Fine, JOURNAL NEWS (WESTCHESTER, NY). Amazon.com claims And Then There Were None to be â€Å"considered the best mystery novel ever written†. AudioFile.com described it as being â€Å"..Agatha Christie at her best with her classic drawing room murder mystery with extra tension to boot†. Both these stories a re similar in that they keep you hooked to the point you can’t do anything but read on or keep viewing. Amazon.com claims Identity is â€Å"a tasty blend of And Then There Were None and Psycho, with a dash of Sybil for extra spice and psychosis†. They also coined it as â€Å"a thriller with a twist, its one of the most original to come around in a long time†. Both these stories deal with a â€Å"who did it† type of plot where the killer isn’t revealed until the very end, to the reader/viwers dismay. These stories are best for those who enjoy being intrigued by what happened, what could happen and what shouldn’t happen. The more you read or view on, the more you come to find whether your predictions were precise or whether they were off. Identity is a dark, disturbing film about 10 strangers that wind up having to spend the night at a hotel once a storm causes a flash flood to block the roads out. It is set in the middle of the desert, a...

Free Essays on The Cider House Rules

An Analysis of the First Two Years Based on the Formal Organization The subject of this paper is the first two years of life based on the book, â€Å"The Cider House Rules.† â€Å"The Cider House Rules† is a book about an orphanage in the town of St. Clouds’, Maine. Once a prominent logging town, St. Clouds’ now consisted of abandoned buildings, prostitutes and the children of prostitutes. (Irving et al, 1985) Also located in that depressed little town was an orphanage, simply called St. Clouds’. A man named Dr. Larch founded St. Clouds’ orphanage in 192_. He opened it with a dual purpose in mind. Not only is it an orphanage but a hospital, a hospital that clandestinely performs abortions. Women choose St. Clouds’ to have an abortion because they hear that the people are kind, it is a clean place in which after the procedure they won’t die, and because it is free. Women decided to have an orphan there because the child will stay at St. Clouds’ and be well taken care of until they are adopted. (Irving et al, 1985) Characters A few key characters run St. Clouds’. Dr. Wilbur Larch is the first to be introduced, being he is the founder the orphanage. He delivers the orphans and does what he calls the Lord’s work. (Irving et al, 1985) The Lord’s work is how Dr. Larch refers to performing abortions for the women that come to the hospital. (Irving et al, 1985) He performs them even though at this time they are illegal. (Irving et al, 1985) Dr. Larch also has other responsibilities he is accountable for. He is the doctor of the orphanage, and director of the boys division, he also chooses adoptive families, and gives overall supervision to the hospital. Dr. Larch is an intelligent man who is overworked, and as much as he loves the orphans he doesn’t always have time for them. Nurse Edna and Nurse Angela are the two nurses on staff. They live on the boys’ side of the orphanage and also take care of this divisi... Free Essays on The Cider House Rules Free Essays on The Cider House Rules An Analysis of the First Two Years Based on the Formal Organization The subject of this paper is the first two years of life based on the book, â€Å"The Cider House Rules.† â€Å"The Cider House Rules† is a book about an orphanage in the town of St. Clouds’, Maine. Once a prominent logging town, St. Clouds’ now consisted of abandoned buildings, prostitutes and the children of prostitutes. (Irving et al, 1985) Also located in that depressed little town was an orphanage, simply called St. Clouds’. A man named Dr. Larch founded St. Clouds’ orphanage in 192_. He opened it with a dual purpose in mind. Not only is it an orphanage but a hospital, a hospital that clandestinely performs abortions. Women choose St. Clouds’ to have an abortion because they hear that the people are kind, it is a clean place in which after the procedure they won’t die, and because it is free. Women decided to have an orphan there because the child will stay at St. Clouds’ and be well taken care of until they are adopted. (Irving et al, 1985) Characters A few key characters run St. Clouds’. Dr. Wilbur Larch is the first to be introduced, being he is the founder the orphanage. He delivers the orphans and does what he calls the Lord’s work. (Irving et al, 1985) The Lord’s work is how Dr. Larch refers to performing abortions for the women that come to the hospital. (Irving et al, 1985) He performs them even though at this time they are illegal. (Irving et al, 1985) Dr. Larch also has other responsibilities he is accountable for. He is the doctor of the orphanage, and director of the boys division, he also chooses adoptive families, and gives overall supervision to the hospital. Dr. Larch is an intelligent man who is overworked, and as much as he loves the orphans he doesn’t always have time for them. Nurse Edna and Nurse Angela are the two nurses on staff. They live on the boys’ side of the orphanage and also take care of this divisi...

Sales proposal for Laduree Aviation Catering Coursework

Sales proposal for Laduree Aviation Catering - Coursework Example The company has highly experienced and dedicated employees that not only serves the customer as required, but also demonstrate the utmost level of professionalism in their approach to duties and responsibilities. As thus, the company mission of quality and timely delivery is instilled in them, consequently enabling it to soar to greater heights. The objectives of this sales proposal is to promote our services to international airlines including Qatar Airways through providing highly professional services to the passengers on board while embracing quality and an utmost competence. Another objective of Laduree Aviation Catering Company is to offer world class catering services that will go a long way in encouraging more passengers to board your airplanes The ultimate goal of Laduree Aviation Catering Company is to ensure that quality and timely customer services are mainstreamed in the system and that its operations are guided by the principles of high professionalism. The Company has an experience of over 100 years having been at the helm of this business. Laduree Aviation Catering services entails services dealing with a range of products that are well manufactured by the company and stored in various distribution shops for easy supply to the market and the main customers who are the airlines. The products are the Laduree Macaron, pastries, and chocolates that are well prepared by highly qualified catering professionals with a long experience in the field. Laduree Aviation Catering offers services to a wide range of airline companies. The company boasts of highly experienced chefs who can handle different kinds of food preparation with utmost competence and without compromising the quality. Laduree Aviation Catering offers a wide selection of the special meals that caters for different dietary requirements of varied people. A special meal on the flight is provided on prior request to provide

Counseling in Schools Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3750 words

Counseling in Schools - Essay Example The British government increased education funds from 60 million pounds in 1951 to 436 million in 1964 and supported child-centered education (Bor, Ebner-Landy, Gill and Brace, 2002). The 1960s were marked with the lifting of individual behavior constraints and the toleration of personal idiosyncrasies. Suicides, drugs, and sexual relationships caused many casualties in early 1960s, many under 25 years. This led to the proposal to provide secondary school students all the help they could get. One way of providing this help was the introduction of school counselors. The Schools Council formed in 1964 represented teachers in policy-making forums and promoting educational development (De Board, 1999). Recent studies have shown its resurgence as a non-stigmatization emotional support among pupils. The enactment of the Children Act in 2004 and the reshaping of children services give a prominent future for counseling (Cooper, 2009). Counseling services in schools are growing rapidly on a l ocal demand-led basis. Sources of counseling include school counselors, contract agencies such as Relate, and educational psychology referral services provided by LEA. Guidance from professional associations is not mandatory due to lack of a statutory base for counseling. The current restructuring of counseling provides new structures that can be challenging. Counselors have to provide therapeutic confidentiality through information protocols, shift towards multi-agency teams, and redefine their professional boundaries. School counselors provide therapeutic individual counseling that is distinct from other form s of support such as mentoring. Counseling is provided through several formats such as external counselors, members of teaching staff, or an external agency (Egan, 2002). Counseling provides pupils with an access to appropriate confidential service that has beneficial personal outcomes such as improved mental health. Students experience mental pressure after bereavement, bull ying, family breakup, and peer rejection. Counseling, especially by external counselors, provides an avenue for relieving mental pressure. These students eventually exhibit positive outcomes in education, behavior, and social and organizational activities. This helps them to enhance their social well being in the school. Confidentiality encourages students to open up to counselors and discuss personal matters that they may not discuss with parents or teachers. Solving individual problems helps enhance student self-esteem and improves their emotional well being. Counseling services are funded from the internal school budgets and provide students with a cost effective service for dealing with their personal difficulties. Schools hire individual external counselors, counseling firms, or utilize members of the teaching staff. This eliminates the need of visiting expensive counselors for students in need of counseling services. Schools provide the necessary funds and provide comprehensiv e support services. The school management has control of the counseling process and provides the overall direction for individual counselors and other pastoral support services. Previous research has shown that young people value having other people to turn to who include school counselors. Although several young people experience mental health problems, only a small percentage is

Management information system Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Management information system - Essay Example Confidentiality ensures that the information is not accessed by any person who is not authorized. Integrity ensures that the data is not modified or altered by unauthorized users and authentication deals with ensuring that the user is actually the person he claims to be. These days computers are used by everyone from banking to shopping and communicating with others. Though there might not be any secret information in your data but one would not want a stranger getting access to his/her information. Intruders often gain control to anyone’s computer so that they can use it for their attacks on other confidential systems. According to (Caldwell 175) computer security has five fundamental functional areas which are listed below: Risk Avoidance This is a basic security fundamental which deals with questions like unrestricted internet access, business engaging in risky activities and standardization on a desktop operating system. Prevention This consists of implementing security to the system in order to avoid any attacks. Complete prevention is desirable but not achievable. Deterrence It deals with the threats to information assets, consisting of communication strategies which are developed and designed to catch the intruders when they attack the system. Detection It works well with preventive measures. When prevention fails, detection should be started in order to minimize the damage. It also includes activities like log-keeping and auditing. Recovery When all measures fail and the intruder has successfully attacked the system and nothing has worked, it is important to focus on recovery. Includes backing up servers, internet connections and other similar recovery activities. Attacking Techniques There have been various techniques used by intruders these days to attack a single computer or a network. Some of them are listed and described briefly below: Viruses A virus is such a program that when it is executed it works within the security policy completely. When a virus is activated, that is when it becomes a part of a process; it makes use of a Trojan horse to look for the authorized environment for executable programs which are modifiable and then attaches itself with all such programs. Hence, when these programs are executed, the virus activates and spreads throughout the executable code of the computer. Viruses can create, modify, move, replicate and erase the files on a computer in order to engage much of the computer’s memory and causes the system not to function properly. Some viruses even have the ability to duplicate themselves and attack to other programs. An infected email attachment is one of the most common and easy ways to get a virus. (Caldwell 212) Trojan Horse A Trojan horse attack can be designed to attain any desired goals by the attacker. Trojan horse attacks are one of the most serious threats to computer security. If a computer has been attacked with a Trojan horse, it may not be the only computer under att ack but unknowingly it is used to attack several other computers. Trojan Horses are usually built and attached to the source code of an original program and is made to remain dormant until an attempt is made to overcome security. For example a Trojan horse may appear in the form of a computer game, which once double clicked, starts writing on parts of your hard drive, corrupting the data. Trap door A trapdoor is normally an entrance to the

Virginia Colony and Massachusetts Bay Colony Essay Example for Free

Virginia Colony and Massachusetts Bay Colony Essay Virginia Colony and Massachusetts Bay Colony are two of the North American Colonies. These colonies have a lot of similarities especially in their government since they are under the governance of Northern America but differ in their ways of living and social structure. The Massachusetts Bay Colony and Virginia Colony are governed under their constitutions. The legislature under these colonies, called the General Court, consists of a Senate of 40 members and a House of Representatives of 160 for Massachusetts and 100 for Virginia, all elected for two years. The legislature meets annually. The governor is elected for a four-year term (Brown, 2006). The lieutenant governor, secretary of the commonwealth, treasurer, and receiver general, auditor, and attorney general are also elected to four-year terms. The governor is assisted by an executive council of eight members, elected for two years. The judiciary is headed by the Supreme Judicial Court of seven justices. Other courts include the appeals court, trial court, and minor courts. All judges are appointed by the governor and council and serve until age 70 (Brown, 2006). In addition, during the next decade of Massachusetts, several small fishing settlements grew up along the Massachusetts coast. Moreover, it is a predominantly a manufacturing area. The most valuable products are machinery, electrical and electronic equipment, instruments, and fabricated metal items. Printing and publishing are also major endeavors. Other economic activities include the processing of foods, the production of beverages, and the making of rubber and plastic goods, paper products, chemicals, clothing, and textiles (Brown, 2006). It has the most valuable fisheries and is one of the leading colonies in the nation in the value of its catch. The catch includes flounder, haddock, cod, whiting, Pollack, tuna, herring, scallops, lobsters, and clams. On the other hand, Virginia’s economy is based heavily on government 9federal, state, and local), wholesale, and retail trade, services, and manufacturing. Together, they account for more than 80 percent of all nonagricultural employment. Its manufacturing accounts for about a fifth of the colony’s nonagricultural employment. Chemicals and chemical products are of outstanding importance (Morris, 2001). Chief among these are synthetic fibers, such as nylon, and polyester. Tobacco products, particularly cigarettes, are also important. Foods, including dairy products and canned and preserved fruits, vegetables, and seafoods, are processed in many localities. Virginia also has a number of textile mills. Moreover, livestock and livestock products, mainly cattle and milk, provide nearly 60 percent of all farm income. Beef and dairy cattle are raised throughout the area, but are most numerous on the northern Piedmont and in the valleys west of the Blue Ridge. The raising of turkeys and broilers is a major activity (Morris, 2001). In conclusion, Virginia was the site of the first permanent settlement and colony in North America. Virginians were prominent among the nation’s founding fathers and played major roles in the Revolutionary War while Massachusetts was one of the New England states of the United States. These two colonies contributed much of the history of the United States in terms of its state governance and economic contributions to the nation. Reference: 1. Brown, R. D. Massachusetts: a Bicentennial History (Norton, 2006). 2. Morris, Shirley. The Pelican Guide to Virginia (Pelican, 2001).

Relationship Between Leadership And Change Management Essay

Relationship Between Leadership And Change Management Essay Organizations have to endure significant and traumatic changes in order to survive in the dynamic and competitive business environment. Leadership plays a vital role in the implementation of organizational change. This study will discuss how leaders would effectively implement such strategic changes with specific approaches, theories and styles of leadership. The author will relate to appropriate organizational examples and incorporate academic frameworks models of leadership. Defining Leadership Although many people have tried to define leadership there is no single definition that would capture the essence of leadership. Daft suggested that Leadership is an influence relationship among leaders and followers, who intend real changes that reflect their shared purposes (Daft 2008, p.4). Yukl stated that Leadership is the process of influencing others to understand and agree about what needs to be done and how to do it, and the process of facilitating individual and collective efforts to accomplish shared objectives (Yukl 2006, p.26).Both Daft Yukl gave similar view points and spoke about the ability of a leader to influence followers in order to achieve a shared objective. For some people, leadership is a trait or ability, for others it is a skill or behavior whereas still for others leadership is a relationship. Therefore it is evident that people have a wide range of perspective on leadership (Northhouse, 2009). Therefore it is taken into authors consideration that leadership is the ability to influence followers to improve performance in sequence to achieve a shared objective. For a leader to be able to achieve the objective he/she should possess the right attitude and right skills. . Defining Change Dawson (2003 , p.11) stated that there can never be a universal theory for organizational change, as change involves a movement to some future state that comprises a context and time that remains unknown. Whereas Matcheva (2010) mentioned that organizational change refers to the fundamental and thorough reorientation in the way the organization operates. Organizational change may occur due to several internal and external environmental factors. The external factors will consist of political, economical, social and technological stimuli where as internal factors will be factors such as organizations management policies and styles, systems, procedures and employee attitudes. (Buono, 2009) Perry (2006) argued that change is inevitable and therefore should be planned for and form part of the normal process of management. Burke (2011, p.1) gave a different view mentioning Organizations change all the time each and every day. The change that occurs in organizations is for the most part unplanned and gradual. Relationship between leadership and change Change has been a challenging area and has affected many organizations. Organizations have to endure such significant change in order to survive in the dynamic and competitive business environment. The change must be aligned according to organizational culture, values, people and behaviors to encourage the desired results. Therefore human leadership plays a key role in making change a success. Such transformation is difficult and will definitely result in resistance and resentment by employees. The social and psychological fear of change and the lack of technical expertise will affect the change process. Therefore Leaders should be equipped with skills that would enable effective strategic change. David (2004) also emphasized how leadership could help overcome resistance to change. He indicates that In order for World Class Organizations to survive, management must understand that change is inevitable and that they themselves are responsible for overcoming employee resistance through sound management and change-oriented leadership (David, 2004). Globalization, technological changes, knowledge management and cross boundary collaboration are the four major forces affecting organizational change. Change could occur either in the external environment or macro environment. Organizations are in need of innovative and creative visionaries who understand how to make decisions in such changes Tappin (2009). An effective change leader should have a sense of purpose and a vision, ability to manage people through tough situations, ability to take accountability and responsibility and motivate people to achieve respective goals. Once people believe in leaders, the excitement will drive them to achieve targets. Therefore it is evident that there is a strong relationship between leadership and change. Leadership plays a major role in minimizing resistance to change as well as ensuring smooth execution of change. Importance of leadership in change The most challenging aspect of a business is leading and managing change. With the business environment being subject to fast paced economic and social change modern businesses need to adapt and be flexible to survive. The main challenge in leading change is to manage human resources. As mentioned by Kotter (1999, p.19) More change demands more leadership Kotter emphasized the need of a leader to manage change. Nilakant Ramanarayan (2006) also mentioned the importance of leadership during each phase of change, mainly the execution stage. Kotter (1999, p.7) identified one of the most common errors of organizational failures during change as its inability to create a powerful guiding coalition. He stressed on the importance of strong line leadership during change. Kotter identified a 8 stage change process which consist of Establishing a sense of urgency. Creating a guiding coalition. Developing a vision and strategy. Communicating the change vision. Empowering broad based action. Generating short term wins. Consolidating gains and produce more change. Anchoring new approaches in the culture. (Kotter, 1996, p.21) In order to follow the above steps, an initiative needs to be taken which demands leadership. Through the above approach leaders would be able to act as a change agent minimizing resistance to change. Tappin (2009) mentioned that a leader needs to develop the following characteristics in order to manage change. A vision, and be able to communicate it to their organizations An orientation to serving An entrepreneurial mind-set A commitment to continuous innovation A global mindset Ease and confidence with technology Know-how in systems thinking (a broad view of the inter-relationship of an organizations parts, rather than a narrow view that is focused on one part or event.) A sense of ethics and appreciation of spirituality in the workplace A commitment to continuous learning, personal and professional development Tappin stated characteristics that he believes should be present in a change leader. An in-depth analysis need to be taken in order to identify the most effective approach a leader could follow when managing change. As the characteristics of a change leader have been laid down above. It is appropriate to carry out a thorough analysis on leadership styles and approaches and thus identify which style or approach is greatly suited. Styles of Leadership There have been many studies conducted to evaluate and identify different types of leadership styles. Goleman (2011) identified six leadership styles. They are Coercive, Authoritative, Affiliative, Democratic, Pacesetting and Coaching. He argued that leaders who have four or more styles especially Authoritative, Democratic, Affiliative and Coaching styles will be able to drive a better business performance and maintain a good climate delivering better results. According to Northouse (2009) the primary study on styles of leadership was conducted by Lewinn, Lippitt and White (1939). The main styles of leadership they identified are Authoritative, Democratic and Lassiez-faire. Northouse (2009) mentioned that a leader may display a combination of these styles and execute each of these styles in a given circumstance. Coercive style This style is also known as the Autocratic model. According to Goleman (2011) coercive type leaders expect immediate compliance from its followers. These types of leaders are very competent in self control, initiating and achieving results. The above style works best in crisis situation where quick change is required as well as situations with problem employees. But the coercive model may have a detrimental effect on the employees therefore should be used with extreme care. It may impact the morale and feelings of the followers and may negatively affect employee motivation. In almost all cases, autocratic leadership style helps improve organizational efficiency and contribute to the bottom line in the short-term. This improvement is however a quick fix, coming at the cost of erosion of a companys underlying assets and laying the foundation for permanent damage in the future (Nayab, 2010). Therefore this can be considered as the least effective style of all leadership styles since it has a negative influence on the overall climate of the organization. In 2007 Martha Stewart single handedly turnaround her ailing Martha Stewart Living Omnimedia. In her we find a substantial amount of controversy but she continues to prosper with her organization and is effectively served by her autocratic style of leadership as well. But critics say that she wouldnt have reached the verge of bankruptcy and would have achieved more if she had not followed her autocratic style (Nayab, 2010) This example suggests that Martha was not able to reach her full potential and achieve success with her autocratic style during the turnaround because of its aggressive nature. Authoritative Style An authoritative leader is a person who guides people towards a vision and follow organizational goals and strategies. This is a more flexible strategy where the followers are permitted to be innovative, experiment and take calculated risk which will give the follower a sense of belonging and involvement to the organization (Goleman, 2011).This style of leadership works best when change is required in a new vision or clear direction is needed. His research indicates that this is the most effective style of leadership. But a leader who is working with experts who are more experienced will find it difficult to apply this style. The team members may sense that the leader is trying to dominate. Northouse(2009) also gave a similar view on authoritative style of leadership. He mentioned that Authoritarian leadership is used to give direction, set goals, and structure work. He identified positives and negatives of using such style for leadership. The positives are that there is a person to give direction and clarity to employees work which will bring about productivity and efficiency enabling accomplishments of goals in a shorter period. On the other hand this style will hamper individuality and will create dependence on the leader which will result in subordinates losing interest and becoming dissatisfied with their work. Both of the viewpoints above can be related to Mc Gregors Theory X. The assumptions he made are applicable for the followers of authoritarian leaders. He made three assumptions which are as follows. The average person dislikes work and will avoid it if possible. Because people dislike work, they need to be directed, and sometimes threatened with punishment or reminded of rewards to make them work. The average person prefers to be directed, wishes to avoid responsibility, has little ambition, and wants security more than choice. (Northouse, 2009) The authoritarian leader needs to provide direction to its followers and control them. Therefore they will be in charge and take up responsibility to control the group. Considering the above three authors ideas the authoritative style of leadership would be a suited style of leadership in managing change because during change the entire company needs to be given proper direction and their needs to be someone to take responsibility and take initiative by creating a vision to manage change. The CEO of Microsoft Bill Gates is considered an authoritative leader who was able to successfully move Microsoft in the direction he saw the industry moving. He is considered as a leader with a vision who aligned Microsoft with that vision (Authoritative Leaders,2006) CEO of DELL Michael Dell identified the requirement of change in their customer services department and executed a unique strategy of his own to retain and satisfy its large customer base, unlike other companies he introduced a strategy where customer queries are directed to a real human voice not a voice mail system. In an environment where the trend is towards voicemail systems Michael Dell introduced such a system (Franklin, 1998) This in fact displays his leadership and vision in understanding the work his people do at all levels as well as his understanding the requirement for change according to the trend. Affiliative style Affiliative style of leadership is a more human friendly style. Its a style which helps to create harmony and build emotional bonds. People come first always. Communication is considered a key element. This style is best suited to motivate people during stressful situations. Even though there are certain advantages of using this style constant use of this style will also have its drawbacks. When employees are over praised they might lose focus and may lead to poor performance. Over reliance on this model may lead the company to fail (Goleman 2009). Kotter (1999, p.37) mentioned Communication of ideas helps people see the need for and the logic of change. Therefore according to his findings the affiliative style could be considered a suitable style of leadership to adopt during change due to it focusing on communication as a key element. Democratic Style The democratic style of leadership gets the followers to participate and express their opinion. The leader builds trust, respect and commitment from the employees. Communication collaboration and team leadership plays an important role. The leader will listen to employees ideas and concerns thus learning how to keep the spirit of the employees high (Goleman2010). This style will work best when the leader itself is uncertain about the path to be taken. The drawback of such a style is that the leader will be receiving endless opinions resulting in difficulty of making a proper decision. Northouse(2009) also gave a similar view on democratic style of leadership. He said that democratic leaders always try to treat its subordinates fairly. This leader will not to be controlling rather they will listen and obtain support from all subordinates. This is a collective approach of leadership where the leader will be consulting subordinates. The democratic leadership style resembles the assumptions of Mc Gregors Theory Y. Which are as follows People like work People are self motivated People accept and seek responsibility. (Northouse, 2009) Since people are fully capable of doing their work alone theory Y stresses that people neednt be controlled by their leaders as they are self motivated. Kotter(2009, p.38) has also mentioned the importance of participation and involvement to overcome resistance to change . The democratic style concentrates on participation and involvement which will help overcome resistance to change. Therefore could be considered as a good style of leadership to manage change. Anne Mulcahy, CEO of Xerox also used a democratic style of leadership. She led Xerox through a major transformation. In the task of cutting costs quickly, she used the knowledge of employees and encouraged them to give their opinion. Together they were able to do so. (Helliriegel, Jackson and Slocum, 2008, p.509) Pace setting style This style focuses on developing people for the future. The leader set high standards and expect employees to follow them. The leader demands for excellence, therefore employees will feel that they are being stretched beyond their capability. This is best suited when quick results are needed from a motivated and competent team, but gives an overall negative impact on organizational climate (Goleman 2010). Since change in a company is a long term effect the pace setting leader may have a negative effect. They do more harm than good when an organization needs long term results (Chynoweth 2008). The 8th CEO of General Electric Jack Welch strongly believed in leading by example. He was a persistent and demanding executive and showed characteristics of a pace setting leader. He turned the company from $12 billion into a $500 billion market capitalization. He was renowned for his human process to drive change having respect for each individual in the process of change (Pace Setting Leadership, 2006) Coaching style Personal success purely brings achievement. Helping others succeed confers genuine accomplishment. Passion for success through others -the common aspiration of the consultant, counselor and coach is a source of synergy and a hallmark of leadership (Goldsmith Lyons, 2006.p.1). These types of leaders train new leaders for the future. The leaders help employees to learn and develop their skills even if it may take time and not achieve organizational goals. This style is the least used by leaders the reason being leaders not having time to go through teaching employees in a highly pressurized competitive business environment. The style will work best where the employees are willing to improve their performance and build long term strengths (Goleman, 2010). Other than Authoritarian and Democratic style of leadership Northouse identified the Lassiez-faire style which does not resemble any of the characteristics of the above six styles. Lassiez Faire Northouse (2009, p44) mentioned that The Lassiez-faire leader is a nominal leader who engages in minimal influence. This style has no relation to either Theory X or Theory Y. The leadership responsibilities are shared by all. This mainly relies on good team work and good interpersonal relationship skills also can be useful in businesses where creative ideas are important. Unlike the autocratic method this style of leadership can be highly motivational as people have control over their working life. (Northouse 2009). This style is suited for less critical areas of change where followers are specialists who are capable and independent. But it is arguable whether change could be successful with such a hands-off style of leadership. Gucci CEO Robert Polet uses the lassiez-faire style but within a framework so that he doesnt lose control (Gitman Daniel, 2009). He may have opted to choose the above strategy due to the drawbacks of the leadership style Theories of Leadership Trait Theory There are many different types of leadership attributes, traits and qualities; these may differ from person to person. E.g. Bill Gates is known for his intelligence and for being a visionary, whereas Oprah Winfrey is recognized by the world as a very influential leader and an excellent communicator. As listed by Northouse (2007) some of the positive leadership attributes are, trust worthy, positive, dynamic, honest, encouraging, motivational, builds confidence and intelligent. However there are also some negative attributes that leaders carry with them which are asocial, egocentric, loner, dictatorial and ruthless. One or more of these attributes are usually very commonly seen in every individual although they would differ from person to person. Leadership traits are the qualities that people often associate with leaders. As indicated by Shead (2007) the five most important leadership traits are, honest, forward looking, competent, inspiring and intelligent. Both Northouse and Shead mentioned the importance of honesty as a key attribute to leadership. When Toyota had to recall vehicles due to faulty brakes Jim Lentz, CEO of Toyota handled the situation really well by being transparent and honest. He was brave enough to face a live interview. His quick response helped minimize the damage made to Toyotas reputation. Therefore it is evident that leaders should be equipped with the necessary skills and competencies to handle change. Transformational Theory Bass Riggio (2006, p.3) described transformational leaders as those who stimulate and inspire followers to both achieve extraordinary outcomes and in the process, develop their own leadership capacity. Transformational leaders behave inspire and motivate people, encourages creativity and stimulate followers, pays individual attention to its followers in order to become successful (Bass Riggio 2006). Hacker Roberts (2004, p.3) Transformational leadership is the comprehensive and integrated leadership capacities required of individuals, groups or organizations to produce transformation as evidenced by step functional improvement. The two statements above have a common thinking which suggests that the leader should be the transformer and has to act as the initiator. Hacker Roberts gave a broader view concentrating on the individual as wel the organization. Whereas Bass Riggio gave a more specific view as in how leaders could be transformational as an individual. To be successful at transformational leadership there are some components that were put forward by Bass and Riggio (2006). They mention four components that describe the transformation leader and leaders are strongly required to possess these components in order to be successful transformation leaders. The components put forward by Bass and Riggio (2006) are; Idealized Influence: Leaders should behave as role models; they can be counted on to do the right thing demonstrating high standards of ethical and moral conduct. Inspirational motivation: Leaders must behave in ways that inspire and motivate followers. Team spirit should arouse while displaying enthusiasm and optimism. Intellectual stimulation: Stimulate followers efforts to be innovative and creative, by questioning assumptions, reframing problems and approaching old situations in new ways. Individualized consideration: Leaders should pay attention to each individual followers need to achieve and grow by being a coach and mentor to them. The leader also improves communication between the followers and also must be a careful listener. Through idealized influence, individualized consideration, intellectual stimulation and inspirational motivation, transformational leaders are likely to promote performance beyond expectations and achieve enormous changes within individuals and organizations. The above four components are evident in Sam Walton the founder of Wal-Mart. He showed his appreciation and thus inspired his associates and spoke to his customers by visiting all of the Wall-Mart stores around the country. His approach enabled to minimized resistance to change in Wall-marts culture of constant change (Bergdahl, 2006). Charisma could be considered a key ingredient in transformational leaders. Bass Riggio (2006, p.5) Transformational leadership has much in common with charismatic leadership, but charisma is only part of transformational leadership. Steve Jobs is also considered a transformational leader. His vision, charisma and communication skills are part of his success (Krietner, 2007, p.453). His vision enabled him to position his company in the changing world market by introducing cutting edge products like iMac, iPad and iPhone. Conclusion The global competitive business environment has changed dramatically over the past. As a result the need for competitive leadership to handle change is clear. One of the most difficult responsibilities of leadership is leading change. This study reveals certain leader skills and abilities necessary for successful organizational change. Leaders who exercise attributes such as a vision, good interpersonal skills, communicational skills, motivational skills and supportive team skills are more effective in driving change because they are the key elements through which successful results can be achieved. There are lots of arguments for and against each of the leadership styles and approaches. According to authors observation the lassiez-faire style, coercive style and pace setting style may considered least effective whereas affiliative, coaching, democratic style and transformational approach could be considered the most effective. There is no exact model of leadership that could be used; rather there are multiple models all of which have their place depending on the demands of the organization. The leader should be capable of identifying the best method appropriate in a given situation taking into consideration the individual leader and organizational environment. Different styles of leadership will suite different types of change. There is no hard and fast rule that a certain type of leadership is perfect for a given change situation. The leadership style will depend on the organization, individual skill levels and attitude of followers. Therefore authoritative style and democratic style could be recommended in general as the author thinks it is the most appropriate because it powers commitment, communication as well as direction.